Cowpea (kunde)

About the crop: This crop is annual. You plant, grow and harvest it in one main season, then plant again. You can normally start harvesting about 75 days after planting, depending on care and variety.

Main use: Farmers mostly grow this crop for green leaves, fresh pods, dry grain for food, and haulms for animal feed..

Pollination: This crop is mainly pollinated by self. Keeping flowers healthy and having insects like bees in the field helps improve fruit set and yields.

Where it grows: Cowpea (kunde) is grown in many warm and dry parts of East Africa, often together with maize or sorghum. It is grouped under: Legumes & Pulses.

Best climate: This crop does well in warm areas where the temperature is usually between 22 and 32 degrees Celsius. It prefers places that receive around 400 to 700 millimetres of rain in a year. It can grow from near sea level up to about 1800 metres above sea level.

Soil: The crop grows best in slightly acidic to near neutral soils, with a pH of about 5.5 to 7. It does well in light to medium textured, well-drained soils. cowpea (kunde) tolerates poorer soils better than many other crops.. Good drainage is important, so avoid waterlogged spots.

Plant spacing: Plant in rows about 45 centimetres apart, and leave about 20 centimetres between plants in the row. This gives each plant enough space for roots and canopy to spread.

Planting depth: Dig planting holes or furrows about 3 centimetres deep so the roots sit firmly in the soil but are not buried too deep.

Seed or planting material: Use around 20 kilograms of seed or planting material per hectare. Spread or plant evenly so the field has a good stand without being overcrowded.